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Mangifera Indica (Mango)-B1039

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Mangifera indica, commonly known as mango, is a species of flowering plant in the family Anacardiaceae. Mangoes are believed to have originated from the region between northwestern Myanmar, Bangladesh, and India. It is a large fruit-tree, capable of growing to a height and crown width of about 30 meters (100 ft) and trunk circumference of more than 3.7 meters (12 ft).

Plant Name: Mangifera Indica (Mango)

Plant Code:  B1039

Tree

It is a large green tree, valued mainly for its fruits, both green and ripe. Approximately 500 varieties of mango have been reported in India. It can grow up to 15–30 metres (49–98 ft) tall. The tree grows best in well-drained sandy loam; it does not grow well in heavy wet soils. The optimal pH of the soil should be between 5.2 and 7.5.

Flowers

Red-yellow flowers appear at the end of winter and the beginning of spring. Both male and female flowers are borne on the same tree. The Climatic conditions have a significant influence on the time of flowering of mango. In India, flowering starts in December in the South, in January in Bihar and Bengal, in February in eastern Uttar Pradesh, and in February–March in northern India. The duration of flowering is 20–25 days in Dashehari, while panicle emergence occurs in early December and flower opening is completed by February. The Neelum variety of mango produces two crops a year in Kanyakumari, in South India, but it flowers only once in North Indian conditions.

Fruits

The mango is an irregular, egg-shaped fruit that is a fleshy drupe. Mangos are typically 8–12 cm (3–5 in) long and greenish-yellow in color. The fruits can be round, oval, heart, or kidney-shaped. Mango fruits are green when they are unripe. The interior flesh is bright orange and soft with a large, flat pit in the middle. Mangos are mature in April and May. Raw mangos can be used in the making of pickles and chutneys. Ripe mangos are a popular fruit throughout the world. The skin and pulp account for 85% of the mango’s weight, and the remaining 15% comes from the stone (seed). 

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